Strains

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues. Davies included cw8 in his class B: cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, and are attached to the plasmalemma. The cells are indistinguishable from those of wild type in EM but nevertheless form the flat, liquid colonies typical of wall-deficient mutants and can be lysed in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

This mutation may be linked and/or allelic with cw1, cw2, and cw19.

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is an allele of the more frequently used mutant cw15.

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues. Cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, and are attached to the plasmalemma, but the colony morphology looks like that of wall-deficient mutants, and the cells lyse in 1% NP-40. This mutant was described as giving aberrant segregation patterns, producing wild type progeny when self-crossed.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Davies DR (1972) Cell wall organization in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. The role of extra-nuclear systems. Mol Gen Genet 115:334-348

Hyams J, Davies DR ( 1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Davies DR, Lyall V (1973) The assembly of a highly ordered component of the cell wall: the role of heritable factors and of physical structure. Mol Gen Genet 124:21-34

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues, in the 137c background. Davies included cw2 in his class A: cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, but are not attached to the plasmalemma.The inner (W1) and outer (W7) wall layers are deficient.

Like other wall-deficient mutants, cw2 forms flat, liquid colonies on agar, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

The cw2 mutation may be linked to or allelic with cw1, cw8, and/or cw19.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Zhang YH, Robinson DG (1986) The Endomembranes of chlamydomonas reinhardii: A comparison of the wildtype with the wall mutants CW 2 and CW 15. Protoplasma 133:186-194

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues, in the 137c background. Davies included cw9 in his class A: cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, but are not attached to the plasmalemma.

Like other wall-deficient mutants, cw9 forms flat, liquid colonies on agar, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues, in the 137c background. Davies included cw19 in his class A: cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, but are not attached to the plasmalemma.

Like other wall-deficient mutants, cw19 forms flat, liquid colonies on agar, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues. Davies included cw20 in his class B:
Cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts in this mutant and are attached to the plasmalemma. Cells are indistinguishable from those of wild type in EM but nevertheless form the flat, liquid colonies on agar typical of wall-deficient mutants, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues, in the 137c background. Davies included cw6 in his class A: cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, but are not attached to the plasmalemma.

Like other wall-deficient mutants, cw6 forms flat, liquid colonies on agar, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues. Cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts in this mutant and are attached to the plasmalemma. Cells are indistinguishable from those of wild type in EM but nevertheless show cw colony morphology and lysis in detergent. The cw18 mutant produces aberrant segregation patterns in crosses, giving wild type progeny when self-crossed.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Davies DR (1972) Cell wall organisation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. The role of extra-nuclear systems. Mol Gen Genet 115:334-348

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Davies DR, Lyall V (1973) The assembly of a highly ordered component of the cell wall: the role of heritable factors and of physical structure. Mol Gen Genet 124:21-34

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues, in the 137c background. Davies included cw4 in his class A: cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, but are not attached to the plasmalemma.

Like other wall-deficient mutants, cw4 forms flat, liquid colonies on agar, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues, in the 137c background. Davies included cw2 in his class A: cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, but are not attached to the plasmalemma.

Like other wall-deficient mutants, cw177 forms flat, liquid colonies on agar, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues, in the 137c background. Davies included cw51 in his class A: cell walls are produced in more or less normal amounts, but are not attached to the plasmalemma.

Like other wall-deficient mutants, cw51 forms flat, liquid colonies on agar, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

The cw51 mutation may be linked to or allelic with cw14.

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: wall deficient

This is one of the original cell wall deficient mutants isolated by Davies and colleagues, in the 137c background. Davies included cw2 in his class C: cell walls are absent or produced in greatly reduced quantity compared to wild type.

Like other wall-deficient mutants, cw3 forms flat, liquid colonies on agar, and the cells lyse in a 1% solution of the nonionic detergent NP-40.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Hyams J, Davies DR (1972) The induction and characterization of cell wall mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Mut Res 14:381-389

Voigt J, Hinkelmann B, Harris EH (1997) Production of cell wall polypeptides by different cell wall mutants of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Microbiol Res 152:189-198

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: requires arginine

Unlike the original arg1 strain, which readily acquires suppressors, this strain has been stable although can be leaky. Please see CC-47 for more information on this locus.

  • Locus:
  • ARG1
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: inhibitor resistant (canavanine)

This strain provides the can1 marker by itself. The original can1 mutant was isolated by Gillham in Levine’s laboratory, and is resistant to 0.5 mg/ml canavanine sulfate on agar. An allelic mutant, can1a, was isolated by McMahon. We believe that this strain is Gillham’s mutant.

Hastings PJ, Levine EE, Cosbey E, Hudock MO, Gillham NW, Surzycki SJ, Loppes R, Levine RP (1965) The linkage groups of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Microb Genet Bull 23:17-19

Smyth RD, Martinek GW, Ebersold WT (1975) Linkage of six genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the construction of linkage test strains. J Bacteriol 124:1615-1617

  • Locus:
  • CAN1
  • Chromosome:
  • 7

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: requires nicotinamide

UV-induced in Levine’s lab, nic13 is a good marker for linkage group X. It is best scored by sensitivity to 3-acetyl pyridine. Lin et al. showed that it is a mutation in the gene encoding NAD+ synthetase.

Lin H, Kwan AL, Dutcher SK (2010) Synthesizing and salvaging NAD: lessons learned from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Genet 6

  • Locus:
  • NIC13 [NSN1]
  • Chromosome:
  • 10

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: requires acetate; wall deficient

The ac14E mutation was isolated in Levine’s laboratory, one of at least twelve ac14 alleles obtained there. All extant stocks of ac14e derive from a strain apparently sent from Levine to Davies, who crossed it with cw or uvs mutants and deposited these combination strains in the CCAP collection, labeled ac14E. CCAP no longer maintains these strains.

We don’t know whether cw18/4 is an allele of the original cw18 (see CC-850) or a subclone or other derivative.

  • Locus:
  • AC14
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: requires acetate; wall deficient

The ac14E mutation was isolated in Levine’s laboratory, one of at least twelve ac14 alleles obtained there. All extant stocks of ac14e derive from a strain apparently sent from Levine to Davies, who crossed it with cw or uvs mutants and deposited these combination strains in the CCAP collection, labeled ac14E. CCAP no longer maintains these strains.

We don’t know whether cw18/6 is an allele of the original cw18 (see CC-850) or a subclone or other derivative.

  • Locus:
  • AC14
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive; requires acetate

The ac14E mutation was isolated in Levine’s laboratory, one of at least twelve ac14 alleles obtained there. All extant stocks of ac14e derive from a strain apparently sent from Levine to Davies, who crossed it with cw or uvs mutants and deposited these combination strains in the CCAP collection, labeled ac14E. CCAP no longer maintains these strains.

  • Locus:
  • AC14
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: altered phosphate metabolism

This double mutant, originally from Roland Loppes, lacks both bound and soluble acid phosphatase.

Loppes R, Matagne RF (1973) Acid phosphatase mutants in Chlamydomonas: isolation and characterization by biochemical, electrophoretic and genetic analysis. Genetics 75:593-604

Matagne RF, Loppes R (1975) Isolation and study of mutants lacking a derepressible phosphatase in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genetics 80:239-250

Matagne RF, Loppes R, Deltour R (1976) Phosphatase of Chlamydomonas reinhardi: biochemical and cytochemical approach with specific mutants. J Bacteriol 126:937-950

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: impaired motility

Cells of this strain are slow-swimming. Please see CC-1027 for additional information on the PF4 locus.

  • Locus:
  • PF4
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive

This mutation was induced by Davies in the 137c background, using nitrosoguanidine as mutagen. It is closely linked or allelic with uvs3. This mutant is partially deficient in excision repair of nuclear DNA.

See CC-2386 for the same mutation in mt-.

Davies DR, Plaskitt A (1971) Genetical and structural analyses of cell-wall formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genet Res 17:33-43

Podstavková S, Miadoková E, Vlček D (1991) Induction of new UV-sensitive mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Arch Protistenk 139:193-199

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive

This mutation was induced by Davies in the 137c background, using nitrosoguanidine as mutagen. The mutant is UV-sensitive. Davies reported that it grows slowly and shows persistent segregation for small and large colony size. Small determined that it is slower than wild type at excision of thymidine dimers.

Davies DR, Lyall V (1967) The assembly of a highly ordered component of the cell wall: the role of heritable factors and of physical structure. Mol Gen Genet 124:21-34

Small GD (1987) Repair systems for nuclear and chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mut Res 18:31-36

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive

The uvs8 mutant was isolated by Small, and described by Vlcek et al.

Small GD (1987) Repair systems for nuclear and chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mut Res 18:31-36

Vlček D, Podstavková S, Miadoková E (1991) Induction of new UV-sensitive mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Arch Protistenk 139:193-199

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive

This mutation was induced by Davies in the 137c background, using nitrosoguanidine as mutagen. It is closely linked or allelic with uvs2. The mutant is UV-sensitive and slower than wild-type at excision of thymidine dimers, and was found to be partially deficient in excision repair.

Davies DR, Lyall V (1967) The assembly of a highly ordered component of the cell wall: the role of heritable factors and of physical structure. Mol Gen Genet 124:21-34

Small GD (1987) Repair systems for nuclear and chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mut Res 18:31-36

Vlček D, Podstavková S, Miadoková E (1991) Induction of new UV-sensitive mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Arch Protistenk 139:193-199

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive

This UV-sensitive mutation was induced by Davies in the 137c background, using nitrosoguanidine as mutagen.

Davies was unable to cross this mutant, suggesting that it might also have a mutation affecting the mating process.

Davies DR, Lyall V (1967) The assembly of a highly ordered component of the cell wall: the role of heritable factors and of physical structure. Mol Gen Genet 124:21-34

Small GD (1987) Repair systems for nuclear and chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mut Res 18:31-36

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive

This mutation was induced by Davies in the 137c background, using nitrosoguanidine as mutagen. Small and Greimann found that the uvs1 mutant is blocked in dark excision of thymidine dimers.

Davies DR, Lyall V (1967) The assembly of a highly ordered component of the cell wall: the role of heritable factors and of physical structure. Mol Gen Genet 124:21-34

Small GD, Greimann CS (1977) Photoreactivation and dark repair of ultraviolet light-induced pyrimidine dimers in chloroplast DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 4:2893-2902

Small GD (1987) Repair systems for nuclear and chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mut Res 18:31-36

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive

This mutation was induced by Davies in the 137c background, using nitrosoguanidine as mutagen. Small and Greimann found that the uvs6 mutant is blocked in dark excision of thymidine dimers.

Davies DR, Lyall V (1967) The assembly of a highly ordered component of the cell wall: the role of heritable factors and of physical structure. Mol Gen Genet 124:21-34

Small GD, Greimann CS (1977) Photoreactivation and dark repair of ultraviolet light-induced pyrimidine dimers in chloroplast DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 4:2893-2902

Small GD (1987) Repair systems for nuclear and chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mut Res 18:31-36

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), January 1980

Phenotype: UV sensitive

The uvs1 mutation was induced by Davies in the 137c background, using nitrosoguanidine as mutagen. Small and Greimann found that the uvs1 mutant is blocked in dark excision of thymidine dimers.

This is not the same mutation as the UVS1 mutant isolated by Vlcek and colleagues.

Davies DR, Lyall V (1967) The assembly of a highly ordered component of the cell wall: the role of heritable factors and of physical structure. Mol Gen Genet 124:21-34

Small GD, Greimann CS (1977) Photoreactivation and dark repair of ultraviolet light-induced pyrimidine dimers in chloroplast DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 4:2893-2902

Small GD (1987) Repair systems for nuclear and chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mut Res 18:31-36

From Lawrence Bogorad, Harvard University, February 1980. This culture replaced one sent from the Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), in January 1980.

Phenotype: antibiotic resistant (erythromycin)

The ery2d allele was obtained in Bogorad’s laboratory after mutagenesis of a 137c wild type strain with ethyl methanesulfonate..

The ery2 mutants as a group are resistant to 100 micrograms/ml erythromycin on minimal medium, and are cold-sensitive. Please see CC-1711 for more information on the ERY2 locus.

Mets LJ, Bogorad L (1971) Mendelian and uniparental alterations in erythromycin binding by plastid ribosomes. Science 174:707-709

Mets LJ, Bogorad L (1972) Altered chlorplast ribosomal proteins associated with erythromycin-resistant mutants in two genetic systems of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 69:3779-3783

Davidson JN, Hanson MR, Bogorad L (1978) Erythromycin resistance and the chloroplast ribosome in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genetics 89:281-297

Bowers AK, Keller JA, Dutcher SK (2003) Molecular markers for rapidly identifying candidate genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Ery1 and ery2 encode chloroplast ribosomal proteins. Genetics 164:1345-1353

  • Locus:
  • ERY2 [RPL22]
  • Chromosome:
  • 13