From Maureen Hanson, University of Virginia, February 1980

Phenotype: antibiotic resistant (erythromycin)

The ery2b allele was obtained in Bogorad’s laboratory after mutagenesis of a 137c wild type strain with ethyl methanesulfonate.

The ery2 mutants as a group are resistant to 100 micrograms/ml erythromycin on minimal medium, and are cold-sensitive. Please see CC-1711 for more information on the ERY2 locus.


Mets LJ, Bogorad L (1971) Mendelian and uniparental alterations in erythromycin binding by plastid ribosomes. Science 174:707-709

Mets LJ, Bogorad L (1972) Altered chlorplast ribosomal proteins associated with erythromycin-resistant mutants in two genetic systems of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 69:3779-3783

Davidson JN, Hanson MR, Bogorad L (1978) Erythromycin resistance and the chloroplast ribosome in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Genetics 89:281-297

Bowers AK, Keller JA, Dutcher SK (2003) Molecular markers for rapidly identifying candidate genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Ery1 and ery2 encode chloroplast ribosomal proteins. Genetics 164:1345-1353


  • Locus:
  • ERY2 [RPL22]
  • Chromosome:
  • 13

From Maureen Hanson, University of Virginia, February 1980

This is a mutation that suppresses the erythromycin resistance of ery1 mutants. For more information on the ERY1 locus, please see CC-504.

From Maureen Hanson, University of Virginia, February 1980

Please see CC-459 for more information on es-115.

From Maureen Hanson, University of Virginia, February 1980

Phenotype: antibiotic resistant, suppressed (erythromycin)

This is the original es-201 strain, containing both the ery1a mutation and the suppressor. For more information on the ERY1 locus, please see CC-504.

From Maureen Hanson, University of Virginia, February 1980

Phenotype: requires arginine; antibiotic resistant (erythromycin)

For more information on the ERY1 locus, please see CC-504.


  • Locus:
  • ARG7, ERY1 [PRPL4]
  • Chromosome:
  • 1,11

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-224

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. The mutant was originally described as lacking flagella, but this strain can swim.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-470 (-)

This is a mutant isolated by Lewin. Lewin described this mutant as showing aberrant cell division, forming “twins and monsters.” He reported that the propensity to misdivide in this mutant behaved as a single Mendelian gene (t) that was linked to the “lazy” marker (l).


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, received as M-475

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. The M.475 mutant was described as paralyzed, and slow to regenerate flagella after deflagellation. This mutant is also in the collection as CC-1482 and CC-2522.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, received as M-1001 (-)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. It was described as paralyzed.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Ronkin RR and Buretz KM (1960) Sodium and potassium in normal and paralyzed Chlamydomonas. J Protozool 7:109-114

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1011 (++)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. It shows occasional spontaneous reversions. In our tests it tended to swin in slow circles.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1014 (++)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. In our tests it showed swimming in slow zig-zags and spinning.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Ronkin RR, Buretz KM (1960) Sodium and potassium in normal and paralyzed Chlamydomonas. J Protozool 7:109-114

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1036 (++)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. In our tests it was a very sluggish swimmer.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1043 (++)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin.. In our tests it wiggled but did not swim.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1050 (++)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin.. In our tests it showed rapid spinning and some swimming.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1054 (++)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. In our tests it swam slowly.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1081 (++)

This is a mutant isolated by Lewin. It was described as motile but non-mating. Our tests confirmed swimming.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1086 (-)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. Flagella are absent.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-2008 (-)

This is a motility mutant isolated by Lewin. In our tests it showed spinning, at variable speeds.


Lewin RA (1954) Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358-363

Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-470.1001 (-)

This is a double mutant of M.470 and M.1001. In our tests it showed wiggling motion.


Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1021.1051 (++)

This is a double mutant of M.1021 and M.1051. In our tests it showed little or no movement, slow wiggling at most.


Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

From George Witman, Princeton University, March 1980, as M-1021.1074 (-)

This is a double mutant of M.1021 and M.1074. In our tests it showed some sluggish wiggling.


Lewin RA (1974) Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Phycologia 13:45-55

Chlamydomonas Genetics Center, Duke University

Phenotype: requires acetate and nicotinamide; resistant to antibiotics and metabolic inhibitors (cycloheximide, methionine sulfoximine, neamine, pyrithiamine, and streptomycin); motility impaired

This is a derivative of the mapping strain CC-28. The nr1 mutation was added to provide a marker for linkage group VIII. The can1 marker, present in the original CC-28 strain, was not scored in the cross that created CC-975, and may or may not be present in this derivative strain.


  • Locus:
  • AC17, ACT2 [RPL36a], MSR1, NIC13 [NSN1] NR1, PF2, PYR1, SR1
  • Chromosome:
  • 1,3,4,6,8,9,10,11

From Ursula Goodenough, Washington University, 1979

Phenotype: requires acetate

The original stock when received did not have a clean acetate requirement. It was subcloned, and subsequently tested in a cross to CC-1024 pf1 on the same linkage group. For more information on the AC31 locus, please see CC-536.


  • Locus:
  • AC31
  • Chromosome:
  • 5

From Robert Togasaki, Indiana University, March 1980

Phenotype: requires acetate

Originally isolated by Pierre Bennoun as a mutant showing high fluorescence, F1 lacks P700, CP1 and polypeptide 2 of the Photosystem I reaction center, and shows “hyperstacking” of the thylakoid membranes. The phenotype is similar to that of ac80a, but it is genetically distinct.


Bennoun P, Levine RP (1967) Detecting mutants that have impaired photosynthesis by their increased level of fluorescence. Plant Physiol 42:1284-1287

Chua NH and Levine RP (1969) The photosynthetic electron transport chain of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. 8. The 520 nm light-induced absorbance change in the wild-type and mutant strains. Plant Physiol 44:1-6

Chua NH, Matlin K, Bennoun P (1975) A chlorophyll-protein complex lacking in photosystem I mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Cell Biol 67:361-377

Maxwell PC and Biggins J (1976) Role of cyclic electron transport in photosynthesis as measured by the photoinduced turnover of P700 in vivo. Biochemistry 15:3975-3981

Girard J, Chua NH, Bennoun P, Schmidt G, Delosme M (1980) Studies on mutants deficient in the photosystem I reaction centers in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Curr Genet 2:215-221

From Robert Togasaki, Indiana University, March 1980

Phenotype: requires acetate

F54 is a nuclear mutation that affects translation of the chloroplast atpA mRNA and produces a deficiency in both cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation. It was obtained by Bennoun and Levine after mutagenesis with methyl methanesulfonate.


Bennoun P and Levine RP (1967) Detecting mutants that have impaired photosynthesis by their increased level of fluorescence. Plant Physiol 42:1284-1287

Sato VL, Levine RP, Neumann J (1971) Photosynthetic phosphorylation in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Effects of a mutation altering and ATP-synthesizing enzyme. Biochim Biophys Acta 253:437-448

Wollman FA and Bennoun P (1982) A new chlorophyll-protein complex related to Photosystem I in Chlamydomonas reinhardii. Biochim Biophys Acta 680:352-360

Boschetti A and Schmid K (1998) Energy supply for ATP-synthase deficient chloroplasts of Chlamydomonas reinhardii. Plant Cell Physiol 39:160-168

From Robert Togasaki, Indiana University, March 1980

Phenotype: requires acetate

F60 is a nuclear mutation, originally isolated by Pierre Bennoun. The mutant is deficient in phosphoribulokinase.


Moll B and Levine RP (1970) Characterization of a Photosynthetic Mutant Strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardi Deficient in Phosphoribulokinase Activity. Plant Physiol 46:576-580

Bamberger ES, King D, Erbes DL, Gibbs M (1982) H(2) and CO(2) Evolution by Anaerobically Adapted Chlamydomonas reinhardtii F-60. Plant Physiol 69:1268-1273

Gfeller RP and Gibbs M (1984) Fermentative Metabolism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: I. Analysis of Fermentative Products from Starch in Dark and Light. Plant Physiol 75:212-218

Roesler KR, Marcotte BL, Ogren WL (1992) Functional Importance of Arginine 64 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Phosphoribulokinase. Plant Physiol 98:1285-1289


  • Locus:
  • AC214 [PRK1]
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), March 1980

Phenotype: impaired motility

This is a spontaneous mutant isolated by McVittie in the 137c background. It lacks flagella.


McVittie A (1972) Flagellum mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardii. J Gen Microbiol 71:525-540

Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), March 1980

Phenotype: impaired motility

This mutant was obtained by McVittie in the 137c background, using hydroxylamine as mutagen. It was reported to have abnormal swimming.


McVittie A (1972) Flagellum mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardii. J Gen Microbiol 71:525-540

Chlamydomonas Genetics Center, Duke University, May 1980

Phenotype: requires acetate; antibiotic resistant (streptomycin)

From a cross of CC-527 ac15 x CC-113 sr1

This strain provides markers for both arms of linkage group IX. CC-1003 is the same combination in mt-.


  • Locus:
  • AC15, SR1
  • Chromosome:
  • 9

Chlamydomonas Genetics Center, Duke University, May 1980

Phenotype: requires acetate; antibiotic resistant (streptomycin)

From a cross of CC-527 ac15 x CC-113 sr1

This strain provides markers for both arms of linkage group IX. CC-1002 is the same combination in mt+.


  • Locus:
  • AC15, SR1
  • Chromosome:
  • 9