From Carolyn Silflow, University of Minnesota, February 2024

This strain contains a mutation in gene Cre01.g005900, identified by the cehc1-1 mutation.  It encodes an FBOX3 protein that acts upstream of transcription factor CRR1. The strain also contains the crr1-1 mutation.


Sun X, LaVoie M, Lefebvre PA, Gallaher SD, Glaesener AG, Strenkert D, Mehta R, Merchant SS, Silflow CD. Mutation of negative regulatory gene CEHC1 encoding an FBXO3 protein results in normoxic expression of HYDA genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2024 Mar 27:2024.03.22.586359. doi: 10.1101/2024.03.22.586359. PMID: 38586028; PMCID: PMC10996464.


  • Locus:
  • CEHC1
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

From Carolyn Silflow, University of Minnesota, February 2024

This strain contains a mutation in gene Cre01.g005900, identified by the cehc1-1 mutation.  It encodes an FBOX3 protein that acts upstream of transcription factor CRR1. The strain also contains the crr1-1 mutation.


Sun X, LaVoie M, Lefebvre PA, Gallaher SD, Glaesener AG, Strenkert D, Mehta R, Merchant SS, Silflow CD. Mutation of negative regulatory gene CEHC1 encoding an FBXO3 protein results in normoxic expression of HYDA genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2024 Mar 27:2024.03.22.586359. doi: 10.1101/2024.03.22.586359. PMID: 38586028; PMCID: PMC10996464.


  • Locus:
  • CEHC1
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

From Kenjiro Yoshimura, Shibaura Institute of Technology-Japan, March 2024

Origin: CLiP mutant (LMJ.RY0402.150923), backcrossed to wild type three times
Comment: Defective in mechanoresponses


Oshima D, Yoshida M, Saga K, Ito N, Tsuji M, Isu A, Watanabe N, Wakabayashi KI, Yoshimura K. Mechanoresponses mediated by the TRP11 channel in cilia of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. iScience. 2023 Sep 15;26(10):107926. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107926. PMID: 37790279; PMCID: PMC10543168.

From Kenjiro Yoshimura, Shibaura Institute of Technology-Japan, March 2024

Origin: nit1cw15, backcrossed to wild type 137c twice
Comment: Defective in photoshock and mechanoshock responses because of a defect in voltage-dependent calcium channel, CAV2


Matsuda A, Yoshimura K, Sineshchekov OA, Hirono M, Kamiya R. Isolation and characterization of novel Chlamydomonas mutants that display phototaxis but not photophobic response. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 1998;41(4):353-62. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(1998)41:4<353::AID-CM7>3.0.CO;2-0. PMID: 9858159.

Fujiu K, Nakayama Y, Yanagisawa A, Sokabe M, Yoshimura K. Chlamydomonas CAV2 encodes a voltage- dependent calcium channel required for the flagellar waveform conversion. Curr Biol. 2009 Jan 27;19(2):133-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.068. PMID: 19167228.

From Kenjiro Yoshimura, Shibaura Institute of Technology-Japan, March 2024

Origin: CLiP mutant (LMJ. RY0402.055255), backcrossed to wild type three times
Comment: Defective in thermotaxis and temperature-dependent augmentation of ciliary motility


Fueki S, Kaneko T, Matsuki H, Hashimoto Y, Yoshida M, Isu A, Wakabayashi KI, Yoshimura K. Temperature-dependent augmentation of ciliary motility by the TRP2 channel in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2024 Mar 1. doi: 10.1002/cm.21840. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38426808.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Kenichi Wakabayashi, Kyoto Sangyo University-Japan, March 2024


Akiyama K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y, Yoshida K, Suzuki T, Kondo K, Wakabayashi KI, Hisabori T. Two specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast FoF1 provide redox regulation of the ATP synthesis through conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2218187120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2218187120. Epub 2023 Jan 30. PMID: 36716358; PMCID: PMC9964038.

From Ryosuke Yamamoto, Osaka University-Japan, April 2024

Originally a CLiP mutant, backcrossed to the 137C wild-type strain once. This is a dynein preassembly-deficient mutant.


Yamamoto R, Yanagi S, Nagao M, Yamasaki Y, Tanaka Y, Sale WS, Yagi T, Kon T. Mutations in PIH proteins MOT48, TWI1 and PF13 define common and unique steps for preassembly of each, different ciliary dynein. PLoS Genet. 2020 Nov 3;16(11):e1009126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009126. PMID: 33141819; PMCID: PMC7608865.


  • Locus:
  • TWI1
  • Chromosome:
  • 7

From Ryosuke Yamamoto, Osaka University-Japan, April 2024

Originally described in Huang et al., 1979. However, the original pf23-1 strain has the additional twi1-2 mutation due to the transposon insertion. In this pf23-1 (5-4) strain, the twi1-2 mutation has been removed. See Yamamoto et al., 2020. This is a dynein preassembly-deficient mutant.


Huang B, Piperno G, Luck DJ. Paralyzed flagella mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Defective for axonemal doublet microtubule arms. J Biol Chem. 1979 Apr 25;254(8):3091-9. PMID: 429335.

Yamamoto R, Yanagi S, Nagao M, Yamasaki Y, Tanaka Y, Sale WS, Yagi T, Kon T. Mutations in PIH proteins MOT48, TWI1 and PF13 define common and unique steps for preassembly of each, different ciliary dynein. PLoS Genet. 2020 Nov 3;16(11):e1009126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009126. PMID: 33141819; PMCID: PMC7608865.


  • Locus:
  • PF23/DYX1C1
  • Chromosome:
  • 11

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre12.g524300
Background: 4A+
Origin: 3 backcross of CAL013_01_05 to 4A background
Culture maintenance: low light with acetate


Heinnickel M, Kim RG, Wittkopp TM, Yang W, Walters KA, Herbert SK, Grossman AR. Tetratricopeptide repeat protein protects photosystem I from oxidative disruption during assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Mar 8;113(10):2774-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1524040113. Epub 2016 Feb 22. PMID: 26903622; PMCID: PMC4791029.


  • Locus:
  • Cre12.g524300
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Origin: Wollman lab, Paris
Culture maintenance: low light with acetate


Findinier J, Delevoye C, Cohen MM. The dynamin-like protein Fzl promotes thylakoid fusion and resistance to light stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Genet. 2019 Mar 15;15(3):e1008047. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008047. PMID: 30875368; PMCID: PMC6436760.

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre14.g616600
Background: cw15.J3-
Origin: in lab, CRISPR mutagenesis
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Findinier J, Delevoye C, Cohen MM. The dynamin-like protein Fzl promotes thylakoid fusion and resistance to light stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Genet. 2019 Mar 15;15(3):e1008047. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008047. PMID: 30875368; PMCID: PMC6436760.


  • Locus:
  • Cre14.g616600
  • Chromosome:
  • 14

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre14.g616600
Background: cw15.J3-
Origin: in lab, CRISPR mutagenesis
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Findinier J, Delevoye C, Cohen MM. The dynamin-like protein Fzl promotes thylakoid fusion and resistance to light stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Genet. 2019 Mar 15;15(3):e1008047. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008047. PMID: 30875368; PMCID: PMC6436760.


  • Locus:
  • Cre14.g616600
  • Chromosome:
  • 14

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre14.g616600
Background: fzl#1
Origin: in lab, complementation with full protein with 3HA tag
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Findinier J, Delevoye C, Cohen MM. The dynamin-like protein Fzl promotes thylakoid fusion and resistance to light stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Genet. 2019 Mar 15;15(3):e1008047. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008047. PMID: 30875368; PMCID: PMC6436760.


  • Locus:
  • Cre14.g616600
  • Chromosome:
  • 14

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre05.g248400 and Cre05.g248450
Background: CC-125
Origin: in lab, simultaneous CRISPR knock-out of CAH4/5 genes with hygromycin cassette insertion
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Justin Findinier, Lydia-Marie Joubert, Michael F. Schmid, Andrey Malkovskiy, Wah Chiu, Adrien Burlacot, Arthur R. Grossman. Dramatic Changes in Mitochondrial Subcellular Location and Morphology Accompany Activation of the CO2 Concentrating Mechanism. bioRxiv 2024.03.25.586705; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.25.586705


  • Locus:
  • Cre05.g248400, Cre05.g248450
  • Chromosome:
  • 5

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre05.g248400 and Cre05.g248450
Background: CC-125
Origin: in lab, simultaneous CRISPR knock-out of CAH4/5 genes with hygromycin cassette insertion
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Justin Findinier, Lydia-Marie Joubert, Michael F. Schmid, Andrey Malkovskiy, Wah Chiu, Adrien Burlacot, Arthur R. Grossman. Dramatic Changes in Mitochondrial Subcellular Location and Morphology Accompany Activation of the CO2 Concentrating Mechanism. bioRxiv 2024.03.25.586705; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.25.586705


  • Locus:
  • Cre05.g248400, Cre05.g248450
  • Chromosome:
  • 5

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Background: CC-125
Origin: in lab, CC-125 transformation with hygromycin plasmid containing the Clover fluorophore fused with HSP70C mitochondrial targeting peptide.
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Justin Findinier, Lydia-Marie Joubert, Michael F. Schmid, Andrey Malkovskiy, Wah Chiu, Adrien Burlacot, Arthur R. Grossman. Dramatic Changes in Mitochondrial Subcellular Location and Morphology Accompany Activation of the CO2 Concentrating Mechanism. bioRxiv 2024.03.25.586705; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.25.586705

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre08.g375200
Background: CC-125 mito-Clover
Origin: in lab, CRISPR knock-out of MIRO1 gene with paromomycin cassette insertion
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Justin Findinier, Lydia-Marie Joubert, Michael F. Schmid, Andrey Malkovskiy, Wah Chiu, Adrien Burlacot, Arthur R. Grossman. Dramatic Changes in Mitochondrial Subcellular Location and Morphology Accompany Activation of the CO2 Concentrating Mechanism. bioRxiv 2024.03.25.586705; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.25.586705


  • Locus:
  • Cre08.g375200
  • Chromosome:
  • 8

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre08.g375200
Background: CC-125 mito-Clover
Origin: in lab, CRISPR knock-out of MIRO1 gene with paromomycin cassette insertion
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Justin Findinier, Lydia-Marie Joubert, Michael F. Schmid, Andrey Malkovskiy, Wah Chiu, Adrien Burlacot, Arthur R. Grossman. Dramatic Changes in Mitochondrial Subcellular Location and Morphology Accompany Activation of the CO2 Concentrating Mechanism. bioRxiv 2024.03.25.586705; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.25.586705


  • Locus:
  • Chromosome:
  • Cre08.g375200

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre08.g375200
Background: miro1-2
Origin: in lab, miro1-2 transformation with spectinomycin plasmid containing a N-terminal fusion of MIRO1 with the mCherry fluorophore and under the PSAD promoter control.
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Justin Findinier, Lydia-Marie Joubert, Michael F. Schmid, Andrey Malkovskiy, Wah Chiu, Adrien Burlacot, Arthur R. Grossman. Dramatic Changes in Mitochondrial Subcellular Location and Morphology Accompany Activation of the CO2 Concentrating Mechanism. bioRxiv 2024.03.25.586705; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.25.586705


  • Locus:
  • Cre08.g375200
  • Chromosome:
  • 8

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre12.g524500
Background: rmt2-2
Origin: in lab, rmt2-2 transformation with zeocin plasmid containing a C-terminal fusion of RMT2 with the mNeonGreen fluorophore and under the RMT2 promoter control.
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Rick G. Kim, Weichao Huang, Justin Findinier, Freddy Bunbury, Petra Redekop, Ruben Shrestha, TaraBryn S Grismer, Josep Vilarrasa-Blasi, Robert E. Jinkerson, Neda Fakhimi, Friedrich Fauser, Martin C. Jonikas, Masayuki Onishi, Shou-Ling Xu, Arthur R. Grossman. Chloroplast Methyltransferase Homolog RMT2 is Involved in Photosystem I Biogenesis. bioRxiv 2023.12.21.572672; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.21.572672


  • Locus:
  • Cre12.g524500
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre01.g045550
Background: M10
Origin: in lab, CRISPR knock out of TPT3 gene with hygromycin cassette insertion
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Huang W, Krishnan A, Plett A, Meagher M, Linka N, Wang Y, Ren B, Findinier J, Redekop P, Fakhimi N, Kim RG, Karns DA, Boyle N, Posewitz MC, Grossman AR. Chlamydomonas mutants lacking chloroplast TRIOSE PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER3 are metabolically compromised and light sensitive. Plant Cell. 2023 Jun 26;35(7):2592-2614. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koad095. PMID: 36970811; PMCID: PMC10291034.


  • Locus:
  • Cre01.g045550
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

From Justin Findinier, Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, April 2024

Locus: Cre01.g045550
Background: M10
Origin: in lab, tpt3-ko2 transformation with hygromycin plasmid containing TPT3 gene. Strain selected under high light.
Culture maintenance: low light (30-50uE) with acetate


Huang W, Krishnan A, Plett A, Meagher M, Linka N, Wang Y, Ren B, Findinier J, Redekop P, Fakhimi N, Kim RG, Karns DA, Boyle N, Posewitz MC, Grossman AR. Chlamydomonas mutants lacking chloroplast TRIOSE PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER3 are metabolically compromised and light sensitive. Plant Cell. 2023 Jun 26;35(7):2592-2614. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koad095. PMID: 36970811; PMCID: PMC10291034.


  • Locus:
  • Cre01.g045550
  • Chromosome:
  • 1