Strains

Anita Lardans, Boynton-Gillham laboratory, Duke University

Phenotype: requires acetate; herbicide resistant (atrazine, bromacil, metribuzin)

This strain contains a site-directed mutation A251L in the psbA gene, and a silent mutation (indicated by * in the strain name), creating an SspI site by substituting a T for a C at position 247. CC-125 wild-type cells were co-transformed with the psbA plasmid and with plasmid P-228, which confers spectinomycin resistance by a mutation in the gene encoding the chloroplast 16S ribosomal RNA.

The A251L mutation confers resistance to atrazine, bromacil and metribuzin, but not to DCMU, and results in poor photoautotrophic growth.

Förster B, Heifetz PB, Lardans A, Boynton JE, Gillham NW (1997) Herbicide resistance and growth of D1 Ala251mutants in Chlamydomonas. Z Naturforsch 52:654-664

Lardans A, Gillham NW, Boynton JE (1997) Site-directed mutations at residue 251 of the photosystem II D1 protein of Chlamydomonas that result in a nonphotosynthetic phenotype and impair D1 synthesis and accumulation. J Biol Chem 272:210-216

  • Locus:
  • psbA
  • Chromosome:
  • chloroplast

Anita Lardans, Boynton-Gillham laboratory, Duke University

This strain contains a site-directed mutation A251P in the psbA gene, and a silent mutation (indicated by * in the strain name) creating an SspI site by substituting a T for a C at position 247. CC-125 wild-type cells were co-transformed with the psbA plasmid and with plasmid P-228, which confers spectinomycin resistance by a mutation in the gene encoding the chloroplast 16S ribosomal RNA.

Strains carrying the A251P mutation are indistinguishable from wild type with respect to herbicide resistance and photoautotrophic growth.

Förster B, Heifetz PB, Lardans A, Boynton JE, Gillham NW (1997) Herbicide resistance and growth of D1 Ala251mutants in Chlamydomonas. Z Naturforsch 52:654-664

Lardans A, Gillham NW, Boynton JE (1997) Site-directed mutations at residue 251 of the photosystem II D1 protein of Chlamydomonas that result in a nonphotosynthetic phenotype and impair D1 synthesis and accumulation. J Biol Chem 272:210-216

  • Locus:
  • psbA
  • Chromosome:
  • chloroplast

Anita Lardans, Boynton-Gillham laboratory, Duke University

This strain contains a site-directed mutation A251G in the psbA gene, and a silent mutation (indicated by * in the strain name) creating an SspI site by substituting a T for a C at position 247. CC-125 wild-type cells were co-transformed with the psbA plasmid and with plasmid P-228, which confers spectinomycin resistance by a mutation in the gene encoding the chloroplast 16S ribosomal RNA.

Strains carrying the A251G mutation are indistinguishable from wild type with respect to herbicide resistance and photoautotrophic growth.

Förster B, Heifetz PB, Lardans A, Boynton JE, Gillham NW (1997) Herbicide resistance and growth of D1 Ala251mutants in Chlamydomonas. Z Naturforsch 52:654-664

Lardans A, Gillham NW, Boynton JE (1997) Site-directed mutations at residue 251 of the photosystem II D1 protein of Chlamydomonas that result in a nonphotosynthetic phenotype and impair D1 synthesis and accumulation. J Biol Chem 272:210-216

  • Locus:
  • psbA
  • Chromosome:
  • chloroplast

Anita Lardans, Boynton-Gillham laboratory, Duke University

This strain contains a site-directed mutation A251A in the psbA gene, and a silent mutation (indicated by * in the strain name) creating an SspI site by substituting a T for a C at position 247. CC-125 wild-type cells were co-transformed with the psbA plasmid and with plasmid P-228, which confers spectinomycin resistance by a mutation in the gene encoding the chloroplast 16S ribosomal RNA. This strain, which retains the wild-type sequence at residue 251, was used as the control for the other psbA mutants created in the same study.

Lardans A, Gillham NW, Boynton JE (1997) Site-directed mutations at residue 251 of the photosystem II D1 protein of Chlamydomonas that result in a nonphotosynthetic phenotype and impair D1 synthesis and accumulation. J Biol Chem 272:210-216

  • Locus:
  • psbA
  • Chromosome:
  • chloroplast

From Kosuke Shimogawara, Teikyo University School of Medicine, January 1997

Phenotype: requires arginine; wall deficient

This strain has been used for transformation by electroporation.

Shimogawara K, Fujiwara S, Grossman A, Usuda H (1998) High-efficiency transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by electroporation. Genetics 148:1821-1828

  • Locus:
  • ARG7
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

From Karen Kindle, Cornell University, February 1997; originally from Ursula Goodenough

Phenotype: requires arginine

This strain has the wild type allele at the NIT2 locus, and can be transformed with either ARG7 or NIT1.

  • Locus:
  • ARG7, NIT1
  • Chromosome:
  • 1,9

From Rene Matagne, University of Liege, February 1997

Phenotype: dies in the dark

This is a frameshift mutation in the mitochondrial cox1 gene.

Colin M, Dorthu MP, Duby F, Remacle C, Dinant M, Wolwertz MR, Duyckaerts C, Sluse F, Matagne RF (1995) Mutations affecting the mitochondrial genes encoding the cytochrome oxidase subunit I and apocytochrome b of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mol Gen Genet 249:179-184

  • Locus:
  • cox1
  • Chromosome:
  • mitochondrial

From Karen Kindle, Cornell University, February 1997; originally from Rogene Schnell, University of Minnesota, her strain 1A

Phenotype: antibiotic resistant (streptomycin)

This strain is a good transformation recipient for NIT1. It has the wild-type allele at the NIT2 locus.

  • Locus:
  • NIT1, SR1
  • Chromosome:
  • 9

From Karen Kindle, Cornell University, February 1997; originally from Rogene Schnell, University of Minnesota, her strain 1B

Phenotype: antibiotic resistant (streptomycin)

This strain is a good transformation recipient for NIT1. It has the wild-type allele at the NIT2 locus.

  • Locus:
  • NIT1, SR1
  • Chromosome:
  • 9

From Karen Kindle, Cornell University, February 1997; originally from Rene Matagne, University of Liege

Phenotype: requires arginine; wall deficient

This strain has the wild type allele at the NIT2 locus, and can be transformed with either ARG7 or NIT1.

  • Locus:
  • ARG7, NIT1
  • Chromosome:
  • 1,9

From Donghong Zhang, Washington University, March 1997

This strain was derived by co-transformation of a nit1 pf14 mt+ strain with plasmids pMN56 (NIT1) and pDZlO3 (a NITI:PF14 chimeric construct).

Zhang D, Lefebvre PA (1997) FAR1, a negative regulatory locus required for the repression of the nitrate reductase gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Genetics 146:121-133

  • Locus:
  • PF14 [RSP3], NIT1
  • Chromosome:
  • 6,9

From Donghong Zhang, Washington University, March 1997

Phenotype: impaired motility

This strain was derived from a cross of Lefebvre strain A54e18 (nitl-l ac17 srl mt+, = our CC-2929) to strain C2-8G (arg7 pf14 mt-). It is the parent of strain T10-10B, our CC-3404.

Zhang D, Lefebvre PA (1997) FAR1, a negative regulatory locus required for the repression of the nitrate reductase gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Genetics 146:121-133

  • Locus:
  • NIT1, PF14 [RSP3]
  • Chromosome:
  • 6,9

From Krishna Niyogi, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, to John Boynton, Duke University, May 1997

Phenotype: wall deficient; antibiotic resistant (streptomycin)

This is a transformant of CC-425 with ARG7 (pJD67), and was used by Niyogi as a “wild type” control for studies of mutants with alterations in the xanthophyll cycle.

Niyogi KK, Bjorkman O, Grossman AR (1997) Chlamydomonas Xanthophyll Cycle Mutants Identified by Video Imaging of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching. Plant Cell 9:1369-1380

  • Locus:
  • ARG7
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

From Ritsu Kamiya, University of Tokyo, July 1997

Phenotype: impaired flagellar autotomy; impaired motility

The fa1 mutation blocks flagellar excision after pH shock or other treatments (see CC-1370 for more information and references). The pf18 mutant (see CC-1036) lacks the central pair of microtubules in the flagellar axoneme. Its flagella are paralyzed and rigid.

  • Locus:
  • FA1, PF18
  • Chromosome:
  • 2,6

From Ritsu Kamiya, University of Tokyo, July 1997

Phenotype: impaired motility

Originally isolated as a mutation affecting the inner dynein arms, ida5 has been shown to affect a structural gene for actin.

Kato T, Kagami O, Yagi T, Kamiya R (1993) Isolation of two species of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii flagellar mutants, ida5 and ida6, that lack a newly identified heavy chain of the inner dynein arm. Cell Struct Funct 18:371-377

Kamiya R (1995a) Exploring the function of inner and outer dynein arms with Chlamydomonas mutants. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 32:98-102

Sugase Y, Hirono M, Kindle KL, Kamiya R (1996) Cloning and characterization of the actin-encoding gene of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Gene 168:117-121

Kato-Minoura T, Hirono M, Kamiya R (1997) Chlamydomonas inner-arm dynein mutant, ida5, has a mutation in an actin-encoding gene. J Cell Biol 137:649-656

Kato-Minoura T, Uryu S, Hirono M, Kamiya R (1998) Highly divergent actin expressed in a Chlamydomonas mutant lacking the conventional actin gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 251:71-76

Ohara A, Kato-Minoura T, Kamiya R, Hirono M (1998) Recovery of flagellar inner-arm dynein and the fertilization tubule in Chlamydomonas ida5 mutant by transformation with actin genes. Cell Struct Funct 23:273-281

  • Locus:
  • IDA5 [ACTIN, DII4]
  • Chromosome:
  • 13

From Ritsu Kamiya, University of Tokyo, July 1997

Phenotype: impaired motility

Originally isolated as a mutation affecting the inner dynein arms, ida5 has been shown to affect a structural gene for actin. Please see CC-3420 for references.

Kato T, Kagami O, Yagi T, Kamiya R (1993) Isolation of two species of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii flagellar mutants, ida5 and ida6, that lack a newly identified heavy chain of the inner dynein arm. Cell Struct Funct 18:371-377

Kamiya R (1995a) Exploring the function of inner and outer dynein arms with Chlamydomonas mutants. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 32:98-102

Sugase Y, Hirono M, Kindle KL, Kamiya R (1996) Cloning and characterization of the actin-encoding gene of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Gene 168:117-121

Kato-Minoura T, Hirono M, Kamiya R (1997) Chlamydomonas inner-arm dynein mutant, ida5, has a mutation in an actin-encoding gene. J Cell Biol 137:649-656

Kato-Minoura T, Uryu S, Hirono M, Kamiya R (1998) Highly divergent actin expressed in a Chlamydomonas mutant lacking the conventional actin gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 251: 71-76

Ohara A, Kato-Minoura T, Kamiya R, Hirono M (1998) Recovery of flagellar inner-arm dynein and the fertilization tubule in Chlamydomonas ida5 mutant by transformation with actin genes. Cell Struct Funct 23:273-281

  • Locus:
  • IDA5 [ACTIN, DII4]
  • Chromosome:
  • 13

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

The ccs1 mutants are alleles at a locus originally defined by the ac206 mutation (see CC-939 for more information on that mutant). The protein encoded by this locus is required for synthesis of cytochrome c.

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

Dreyfuss BW, Hamel PP, Nakamoto SS, Merchant S (2003) Functional analysis of a divergent system II protein, Ccs1, involved in c-type cytochrome biogenesis. J Biol Chem 278:2604-2613

  • Locus:
  • CCS1
  • Chromosome:
  • 13

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

The ccs1 mutants are alleles at a locus originally defined by the ac206 mutation (see CC-939 for more information on that mutant). The protein encoded by this locus is required for synthesis of cytochrome c.

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

Dreyfuss BW, Hamel PP, Nakamoto SS, Merchant S (2003) Functional analysis of a divergent system II protein, Ccs1, involved in c-type cytochrome biogenesis. J Biol Chem 278:2604-2613

  • Locus:
  • CCS1
  • Chromosome:
  • 13

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

The ccs1 mutants are alleles at a locus originally defined by the ac206 mutation (see CC-939 for more information on that mutant). The protein encoded by this locus is required for synthesis of cytochrome c.

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

Dreyfuss BW, Hamel PP, Nakamoto SS, Merchant S (2003) Functional analysis of a divergent system II protein, Ccs1, involved in c-type cytochrome biogenesis. J Biol Chem 278:2604-2613

  • Locus:
  • CCS1
  • Chromosome:
  • 13

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

The ccs1 mutants are alleles at a locus originally defined by the ac206 mutation (see CC-939 for more information on that mutant). The protein encoded by this locus is required for synthesis of cytochrome c.

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

Dreyfuss BW, Hamel PP, Nakamoto SS, Merchant S (2003) Functional analysis of a divergent system II protein, Ccs1, involved in c-type cytochrome biogenesis. J Biol Chem 278:2604-2613

  • Locus:
  • CCS1
  • Chromosome:
  • 13

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318

From Zhiyi Xie in Sabeeha Merchant’s laboratory, UCLA, August 1997

Phenotype: requires acetate

Xie Z, Merchant S (1998) A novel pathway for cytochromes c biogenesis in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1365:309-318