From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant is deficient in granule bound starch synthase I. It was obtained by UV mutagenesis of the wild type strain CC-4323.


Wattebled F, Buléon A, Bouchet B, Ral JP, Liénard L, Delvallé D, Binderup K, Dauvillée D, Ball S, D'Hulst C (2002) Granule-bound starch synthase I. A major enzyme involved in the biogenesis of B-crystallites in starch granules. Eur J Biochem 269:3810-3820

Izumo A, Fujiwara S, Sakurai T, Ball SG, Ishii Y, Ono H, Yoshida M, Fujita N, Nakamura Y, Buléon A, Tsuzuki M (2011) Effects of granule-bound starch synthase I-defective mutation on the morphology and structure of pyrenoidal starch in Chlamydomonas. Plant Sci 180: 238-245


  • Locus:
  • STA2 [GBS1]
  • Chromosome:
  • 17

From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant is deficient in granule bound starch synthase I. It was obtained by insertional mutagenesis of the cw15 arg7 strain CC-4324 (Ball 330).


Dauvillée D, Colleoni C, Shaw E, Mouille G, D'Hulst C, Morell M, Samuel MS, Bouchet B, Gallant DJ, Sinskey A, Ball S (1999) Novel, starch-like polysaccharides are synthesized by an unbound form of granule-bound starch synthase in glycogen-accumulating mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol 119:321-329

Wattebled F, Buléon A, Bouchet B, Ral JP, Liénard L, Delvallé D, Binderup K, Dauvillée D, Ball S, D'Hulst C (2002) Granule-bound starch synthase I. A major enzyme involved in the biogenesis of B-crystallites in starch granules. Eur J Biochem 269:3810-3820

Izumo A, Fujiwara S, Sakurai T, Ball SG, Ishii Y, Ono H, Yoshida M, Fujita N, Nakamura Y, Buléon A, Tsuzuki M (2011) Effects of granule-bound starch synthase I-defective mutation on the morphology and structure of pyrenoidal starch in Chlamydomonas. Plant Sci 180:238-245


  • Locus:
  • STA2 [GBS1]
  • Chromosome:
  • 17

From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant, which is the same as CC-2917, is deficient in soluble starch synthase 3. It was obtained by X-ray mutagenesis of the wild type strain CC-4323.


Fontaine T, D'Hulst C, Maddelein ML, Routier F, Pépin TM, Decq A, Wieruszeski JM, Delrue B, Van den Koornhuyse N, Bossu JP, et al (1993) Toward an understanding of the biogenesis of the starch granule. Evidence that Chlamydomonas soluble starch synthase II controls the synthesis of intermediate size glucans of amylopectin. J Biol Chem 268:16223-16230

Dauvillée D, Colleoni C, Shaw E, Mouille G, D'Hulst C, Morell M, Samuel MS, Bouchet B, Gallant DJ, Sinskey A, Ball S (1999) Novel, starch-like polysaccharides are synthesized by an unbound form of granule-bound starch synthase in glycogen-accumulating mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol 119:321-329


  • Locus:
  • STA3 [SSS3]
  • Chromosome:
  • 6

From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant, which is also present in the collection as CC-2918, is deficient in soluble starch synthase 3. It was obtained by X-ray mutagenesis of the wild type strain CC-4323.


Fontaine T, D'Hulst C, Maddelein ML, Routier F, Pépin TM, Decq A, Wieruszeski JM, Delrue B, Van den Koornhuyse N, Bossu JP, et al (1993) Toward an understanding of the biogenesis of the starch granule. Evidence that Chlamydomonas soluble starch synthase II controls the synthesis of intermediate size glucans of amylopectin. J Biol Chem 268:16223-16230

Dauvillée D, Colleoni C, Shaw E, Mouille G, D'Hulst C, Morell M, Samuel MS, Bouchet B, Gallant DJ, Sinskey A, Ball S (1999) Novel, starch-like polysaccharides are synthesized by an unbound form of granule-bound starch synthase in glycogen-accumulating mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol 119:321-329


  • Locus:
  • STA3 [SSS3]
  • Chromosome:
  • 6

From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant is deficient in starch phoshorylase PhoB. It was obtained by X-ray mutagenesis of the wild type strain CC-4323.


Libessart N, Maddelein ML, Koornhuyse N, Decq A, Delrue B, Mouille G, D'Hulst C, Ball S (1995) Storage, Photosynthesis, and Growth: The Conditional Nature of Mutations Affecting Starch Synthesis and Structure in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell 7:1117-1127

Dauvillée D, Chochois V, Steup M, Haebel S, Eckermann N, Ritte G, Ral JP, Colleoni C, Hicks G, Wattebled F, Deschamps P, d'Hulst C, Liénard L, Cournac L, Putaux JL, Dupeyre D, Ball SG (2006) Plastidial phosphorylase is required for normal starch synthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J 48:274-285


  • Locus:
  • STA4 [STP1]
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant is deficient in the catalytic (small) subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. It was obtained by insertional mutagenesis of the cw15 arg7 strain CC-4324 (Ball 330).


Zabawinski C, Van Den Koornhuyse N, D'Hulst C, Schlichting R, Giersch C, Delrue B, Lacroix JM, Preiss J, Ball S (2001) Starchless mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lack the small subunit of a heterotetrameric ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. J Bacteriol 183:1069-1077

Wang ZT, Ullrich N, Joo S, Waffenschmidt S, Goodenough U (2009) Algal lipid bodies: stress induction, purification, and biochemical characterization in wild-type and starchless Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Eukaryot Cell 8:1856-1868

Work VH, Radakovits R, Jinkerson RE, Meuser JE, Elliott LG, Vinyard DJ, Laurens LM, Dismukes GC, Posewitz MC (2010) Increased lipid accumulation in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii sta7-10 starchless isoamylase mutant and increased carbohydrate synthesis in complemented strains. Eukaryotic Cell 9:1251-1261


  • Locus:
  • STA6 [AGP4]
  • Chromosome:
  • 3

From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant is deficient in isoamylase. It was obtained by insertional mutagenesis of the cw15 arg7 strain CC-4324 (Ball 330).


Dauvillée D, Mestre V, Colleoni C, Slomianny M, Mouille G, Delrue B, d'Hulst C, Bliard C, Nuzillard J, Ball S (2000) The debranching enzyme complex missing in glycogen accumulating mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii displays an isoamylase-type specificity. Plant Sci 157:145-156

Dauvillée D, Colleoni C, Mouille G, Buléon A, Gallant DJ, Bouchet B, Morell MK, d'Hulst C, Myers AM, Ball SG (2001) Two loci control phytoglycogen production in the monocellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol 125:1710-1722

Melis A, Seibert M, Happe T (2004) Genomics of green algal hydrogen research. Photosyn Res 82:277-288

Work VH, Radakovits R, Jinkerson RE, Meuser JE, Elliott LG, Vinyard DJ, Laurens LM, Dismukes GC, Posewitz MC (2010) Increased lipid accumulation in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii sta7-10 starchless isoamylase mutant and increased carbohydrate synthesis in complemented strains. Eukaryotic Cell 9:1251-1261


  • Locus:
  • STA7
  • Chromosome:
  • 3

From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant is deficient in isoamylase. It was obtained by insertional mutagenesis of the cw15 arg7 strain CC-4324 (Ball 330).


Dauvillée D, Mestre V, Colleoni C, Slomianny M, Mouille G, Delrue B, d'Hulst C, Bliard C, Nuzillard J, Ball S (2000) The debranching enzyme complex missing in glycogen accumulating mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii displays an isoamylase-type specificity. Plant Sci 157:145-156

Dauvillée D, Colleoni C, Mouille G, Buléon A, Gallant DJ, Bouchet B, Morell MK, d'Hulst C, Myers AM, Ball SG (2001) Two loci control phytoglycogen production in the monocellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol 125:1710-1722

Melis A, Seibert M, Happe T (2004) Genomics of green algal hydrogen research. Photosyn Res 82:277-288

Work VH, Radakovits R, Jinkerson RE, Meuser JE, Elliott LG, Vinyard DJ, Laurens LM, Dismukes GC, Posewitz MC (2010) Increased lipid accumulation in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii sta7-10 starchless isoamylase mutant and increased carbohydrate synthesis in complemented strains. Eukaryotic Cell 9:1251-1261


  • Locus:
  • STA7
  • Chromosome:
  • 3

From David Dauvillée, Steven Ball lab, University of Lille, France, December 2009

This mutant is deficient in disproportionating enzyme (D-enzyme). It was obtained by UV-ray mutagenesis of the wild type strain CC-4323.


Wattebled F, Ral JP, Dauvillée D, Myers AM, James MG, Schlichting R, Giersch C, Ball SG, D'Hulst C (2003) STA11, a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii locus required for normal starch granule biogenesis, encodes disproportionating enzyme. Further evidence for a function of alpha-1,4 glucanotransferases during starch granule biosynthesis in green algae. Plant Physiol 132:137-145


  • Locus:
  • STA11 [DPE1]
  • Chromosome:
  • 3

From Susan Dutcher, Washington University, St. Louis MO, October 2009

This is a derivative of the original nic15 strain (see CC-14), selected for sensitivity to 3-acetyl pyridine.


Lin H, Kwan AL, Dutcher SK (2010) Synthesizing and salvaging NAD: lessons learned from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Genet 6


  • Locus:
  • NIC15 [ASO1]
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

From Susan Dutcher, Washington University, St. Louis MO, October 2009

This is a derivative of the original nic15 strain (see CC-14), selected for sensitivity to 3-acetyl pyridine.


Lin H, Kwan AL, Dutcher SK (2010) Synthesizing and salvaging NAD: lessons learned from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Genet 6


  • Locus:
  • NIC15 [ASO1]
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

From Thilo Rühle, Thomas Happe lab, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany, February 2010

This mutant was generated by insertional mutagenesis with the ARG7 gene in strain CC-425, and selected by screening for alterations in the ratio of photosynthetic oxygen production to respiratory oxygen consumption. This mutant was found to have a slightly higher respiration rate and a significantly lower photosynthesis rate than the wild type.


RÙhle T, Hemschemeier A, Melis A, Happe T (2008) A novel screening protocol for the isolation of hydrogen producing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains. BMC Plant Biol 8:107

From Thilo Rühle, Thomas Happe lab, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany, February 2010

This mutant was generated by insertional mutagenesis with the AphVIII gene in strain CC-124, and selected by screening for alterations in the ratio of photosynthetic oxygen production to respiratory oxygen consumption. This mutant is defective in the assembly of the chloroplast ATP synthase and requires acetate for growth. It should not be maintained in high light intensity. The AphVIII integration site was identified.


RÙhle T, Hemschemeier A, Melis A, Happe T (2008) A novel screening protocol for the isolation of hydrogen producing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains. BMC Plant Biol 8:107

From Thilo Rühle, Thomas Happe lab, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany, February 2010

This mutant was generated by insertional mutagenesis with the AphVIII gene in strain CC-124, and selected by screening for alterations in the ratio of photosynthetic oxygen production to respiratory oxygen consumption. This mutant requires acetate for growth. The AphVIII integration site could not be identified.


RÙhle T, Hemschemeier A, Melis A, Happe T (2008) A novel screening protocol for the isolation of hydrogen producing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains. BMC Plant Biol 8:107

From Thilo Rühle, Thomas Happe lab, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany, February 2010

This mutant was generated by insertional mutagenesis with the AphVIII gene in strain CC-124, and selected by screening for alterations in the ratio of photosynthetic oxygen production to respiratory oxygen consumption. This mutant should not be exposed to high light intensity. The AphVIII integration site was identified.


RÙhle T, Hemschemeier A, Melis A, Happe T (2008) A novel screening protocol for the isolation of hydrogen producing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains. BMC Plant Biol 8:107

From Ayumi Tanaka, Hokkaido University, Japan, May 2010

This is an insertional mutation in the CAO gene encoding chlorophyll(ide) a oxygenase, obtained by transformation of nit1-305 cw15 (5D) with the NIT1 gene. This mutant is deficient in chlorophyll b, but grows well on TAP medium in bright light.


Tanaka A, Ito H, Tanaka R, Tanaka NK, Yoshida K, Okada K (1998) Chlorophyll a oxygenase (CAO) is involved in chlorophyll b formation from chlorophyll a. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:12719-12723


  • Locus:
  • CAO1
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

From Ayumi Tanaka, Hokkaido University, Japan, February 2010

This is an insertional mutation in the CAO gene encoding chlorophyll(ide) a oxygenase, obtained by transformation of nit1-305 cw15 (5D) with the NIT1 gene. This mutant is deficient in chlorophyll b, but grows well on TAP medium in bright light.


Tanaka A, Ito H, Tanaka R, Tanaka NK, Yoshida K, Okada K (1998) Chlorophyll a oxygenase (CAO) is involved in chlorophyll b formation from chlorophyll a. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:12719-12723


  • Locus:
  • NIT1
  • Chromosome:
  • 9

From Ayumi Tanaka, Hokkaido University, Japan, May 2010

This is an insertional mutation in the CAO gene encoding chlorophyll(ide) a oxygenase, obtained by transformation of nit1-305 cw15 (5D) with the NIT1 gene. This mutant is deficient in chlorophyll b, but grows well on TAP medium in bright light.


Tanaka A, Ito H, Tanaka R, Tanaka NK, Yoshida K, Okada K (1998) Chlorophyll a oxygenase (CAO) is involved in chlorophyll b formation from chlorophyll a. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:12719-12723


  • Locus:
  • NIT1
  • Chromosome:
  • 9

From Ayumi Tanaka, Hokkaido University, Japan, May 2010

This is an insertional mutation in the CAO gene encoding chlorophyll(ide) a oxygenase, obtained by transformation of CC-1931 arg7 with the ARG7 gene. This mutant is deficient in chlorophyll b, but grows well on TAP medium in bright light.


Tanaka A, Ito H, Tanaka R, Tanaka NK, Yoshida K, Okada K (1998) Chlorophyll a oxygenase (CAO) is involved in chlorophyll b formation from chlorophyll a. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:12719-12723


  • Locus:
  • ARG7
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

From Ayumi Tanaka, Hokkaido University, Japan, May 2010

This is a rescue of strain CBS3 (CC-4345), an insertional mutation in the CAO gene encoding chlorophyll(ide) a oxygenase. The original mutant was transformed with a plasmid containing the CAO coding sequence flanked by 1kb 5′ and 3 kb 3′ untranslated sequence, in the vector pSP109 carrying the ble gene as selectable marker. This strain grows well on TAP medium in bright light.


Tanaka A, Ito H, Tanaka R, Tanaka NK, Yoshida K, Okada K (1998) Chlorophyll a oxygenase (CAO) is involved in chlorophyll b formation from chlorophyll a. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:12719-12723


  • Locus:
  • NIT1
  • Chromosome:
  • 9

From Zi Teng Wang, Goodenough lab, Washington University in St Louis, June 2010

This is the same strain as CC-4333, but received from the Goodenough lab.


Zabawinski C, Van Den Koornhuyse N, D'Hulst C, Schlichting R, Giersch C, Delrue B, Lacroix JM, Preiss J, Ball S (2001) Starchless mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lack the small subunit of a heterotetrameric ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. J Bacteriol 183:1069-1077

Wang ZT, Ullrich N, Joo S, Waffenschmidt S, Goodenough U (2009) Algal lipid bodies: stress induction, purification, and biochemical characterization in wild-type and starchless Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Eukaryot Cell 8:1856-1868


  • Locus:
  • STA6 [AGP4]
  • Chromosome:
  • 3

From Zi Teng Wang, Goodenough lab, Washington University in St Louis, June 2010

This is the Goodenough lab strain 330A, a subclone of Ball’s strain 330 (CC-4324) that does not require arginine. Wang sent the following notes: “Strain 330 was sent to St. Louis from the Ball lab 1.5 years ago and inadvertently plated on TAP upon arrival, whereupon a non-arginine-requiring line, presumably (but not demonstrated experimentally to be) clonal, grew up and was used in subsequent experiments. Dr Sabine Waffenschmidt (U. Cologne) received an independent shipment from the Ball lab, made the same plating error, and also recovered a prototroph; hence the mutant presumably (but not demonstrated experimentally) arose initially in the Ball lab. No crosses have been performed to ascertain whether prototrophy is due to reversion or suppression. ”

March 21, 2013 – Genomic sequencing in the Merchant/Pellegrini lab and RNA-seq in their and the Goodenough lab has documented that CC-4349 is mt- and therefore cannot be CC-4324, the original mt+ strain parental to sta6 (CC-4333 and CC-4348).

From René Matagne, University of Liège, Belgium via Michael Schroda (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology), June 2010

This is Matagne strain 302, selected for high transformation efficiency. It contains cw15, arg7-8, nit1 and nit2. Cells of this strain are typically small, have no flagella, and are very easy to transform. This strain is also known as CC-4350 cw15-302 mt+.


  • Locus:
  • NIT1
  • Chromosome:
  • 9

From René Matagne, University of Liège, Belgium via Michael Schroda (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology), June 2010

This is Matagne strain 325, selected for high transformation efficiency. Cells of this strain have flagella and are easy to transform, but rates are not as good as with Matange strain 302 (CC-4350).

It has the wild-type alleles at the nit1 and nit2 loci, and can therefore grow on nitrate medium. Matagne states that strain 325 was obtained from a cross between strain 83 (cw15 mt+) and strain 116 (arg7-8 nit1 nit2 mt-), and that Claire Remacle has isolated derivatives from strain 325 that can be transformed at good rate. This strain is also known as CC-4351 cw15-325 mt+.


  • Locus:
  • ARG7
  • Chromosome:
  • 1

From Deborah Cochran, George Witman lab, University of Massachusetts Medical School, July 2010

This mutant was obtained by transforming strain g1 (nit1, NIT2, agg1, mt+; derivative of crosses between CC-124 and nit1-305) with pMN24. It is phototaxis negative, photoshock positive, and has multiple eyespots.


Pazour GJ, Sineshchekov OA, Witman GB (1995) Mutational analysis of the phototransduction pathway of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Cell Biol 131:427-440


  • Locus:
  • PTX4
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

From Nik Pootakham, Arthur Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, July 2010

We are uncertain which sac1 allele this is. Notes received with this strain state that it was obtained from a backcross of an original sac1 insertional mutant to CC-1690. This strain exhibits low level of arylsulfatase activity on sulfur-depleted medium.


Davies JP, Yildiz FH, Grossman AR (1994) Mutants of Chlamydomonas with Aberrant Responses to Sulfur Deprivation. Plant Cell 6:53-63

Davies JP, Yildiz FH, Grossman AR (1996) Sac1, a putative regulator that is critical for survival of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during sulfur deprivation. EMBO J 15:2150-2159

Davies JP, Yildiz FH, Grossman AR (1999) Sac3, an Snf1-like serine/threonine kinase that positively and negatively regulates the responses of Chlamydomonas to sulfur limitation. Plant Cell 11:1179-1190

Irihimovitch V, Stern DB (2006) The sulfur acclimation SAC3 kinase is required for chloroplast transcriptional repression under sulfur limitation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:7911-7916


  • Locus:
  • SAC1
  • Chromosome:
  • 3

From Nik Pootakham, Arthur Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, July 2010

The original sac3 mutants were obtained by insertional mutagenesis, but we are not sure which allele this is. This strain is a product of a backcross of the original strain to CC-1690. This strain has constitutive low levels of arylsulfatase activity when grown on TAP medium.


Davies JP, Yildiz FH, Grossman AR (1994) Mutants of Chlamydomonas with Aberrant Responses to Sulfur Deprivation. Plant Cell 6:53-63

Davies JP, Yildiz FH, Grossman AR (1999) Sac3, an Snf1-like serine/threonine kinase that positively and negatively regulates the responses of Chlamydomonas to sulfur limitation. Plant Cell 11:1179-1190


  • Locus:
  • SNRK2.2 [SAC3]
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

From Nik Pootakham, Arthur Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, July 2010

The original ars11 mutant was obtained by insertional mutagenesis. This strain is a product of a backcross of the original strain to CC-1690. This strain exhibits low level of arylsulfatase activity on sulfur-depleted medium and it is paromomycin-resistant.


Gonzalez-Ballester D, Pollock SV, Pootakham W, Grossman AR (2008) The central role of a SNRK2 kinase in sulfur deprivation responses. Plant Physiol 147:216-227


  • Locus:
  • SNRK2.1 [STK12]
  • Chromosome:
  • 2

From Nik Pootakham, Arthur Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, July 2010

This mutant was obtained by insertional mutagenesis of CC-1690, and recovered as a transformant that failed to accumulate the SLT1 sulfate transporter when starved for sulfur. This strain is paromomycin resistant.


Pootakham W, Gonzalez-Ballester D, Grossman AR (2010) Identification and regulation of plasma membrane sulfate transporters in Chlamydomonas. Plant Physiol 153:1653-1668


  • Locus:
  • SLT1
  • Chromosome:
  • 12

From Nik Pootakham, Arthur Grossman lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford CA, July 2010

This mutant was obtained by insertional mutagenesis of CC-1690, and recovered as a transformant that failed to accumulate the SLT2 sulfate transporter when starved for sulfur. This strain is paromomycin resistant.


Pootakham W, Gonzalez-Ballester D, Grossman AR (2010) Identification and regulation of plasma membrane sulfate transporters in Chlamydomonas. Plant Physiol 153:1653-1668


  • Locus:
  • SLT2
  • Chromosome:
  • 10